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Feng Lei
Feng Lei

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Build Hadoop 2.X Fully distributed Environment by Ubuntu 16.04

#aws #hadoop #ubuntu

1.Experimental model and architecture description

2.Basic environment configuration

3.JDK Hadoop environment configuration

4.Hadoop configuration file modification

5.Start Hadoop cluster (all in AdServer operation)

1.Experimental model and architecture description

Written in the front, these pictures are from another blog of mine. Don't worry

My Chinese Blog:CSDN Address

This experiment uses three Ubuntu 16 04 instance
HostName IPAddress OS Running Services Role
adserver 192.168.200.10 ubuntu 16.04 NameNode、SecondaryNameNode、ResourceManager、JobHistoryServer Master
monserver 192.168.200.20 ubuntu 16.04 DataNode、NodeManager Slave
osdserver-1 192.168.200.30 ubuntu 16.04 DataNode、NodeManager Slave

2.Basic environment configuration

Change Hostname and the network interface name

Ubuntu 16.04 static IP address only

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Modify the network card configuration file to make it a static IP address. After modification, restart the instance to take effect
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Modify host name, use here

$ sudo hostnamectl set-hostname YOUR_HOSTNAME
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Modify hosts and configure FQDN domain name

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Create Hadoop users and configure password free login. Each node needs to be configured 

sudo useradd -d /home/hadoop -m hadoop 
sudo passwd hadoop 
echo "hadoop ALL = (root) NOPASSWD:ALL" | sudo tee /etc/sudoers.d/hadoop 
sudo chmod 0440 /etc/sudoers.d/hadoop
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To configure SSH password free login, you need to install openssh-server(sudo apt get install openssh-server) first

ubuntu@adserver:~$ ssh-keygen 
ubuntu@adserver:~$ ssh-copy-id adserver
ubuntu@adserver:~$ ssh-copy-id monserver
ubuntu@adserver:~$ ssh-copy-id osdserver-1
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ubuntu@adserver:~$ ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub hadoop@adserver  
ubuntu@adserver:~$ ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub hadoop@monserver  
ubuntu@adserver:~$ ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub hadoop@osdserver-1
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3.JDK Hadoop environment

1. Configure JDK environment. Jdk-8u77 is used here

Download JDK jdk-8u77-linux-x64.tar.gz
https://www.oracle.com/java/technologies/javase/javase8-archive-downloads.html
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ubuntu@adserver:~$ ls -lh
total 173M
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 173M Mar 28 09:11 jdk-8u77-linux-x64.tar.gz
ubuntu@adserver:~$ tar -zxf jdk-8u77-linux-x64.tar.gz 
ubuntu@adserver:~$ ls -lh
total 173M
drwxr-xr-x 8 ubuntu ubuntu 4.0K Mar 21  2016 jdk1.8.0_77
-rw-rw-r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 173M Mar 28 09:11 jdk-8u77-linux-x64.tar.gz
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ubuntu@adserver:~$ sudo mkdir /usr/lib/jdk      
ubuntu@adserver:~$ sudo mv jdk1.8.0_77/ /usr/lib/jdk/
ubuntu@adserver:~$ sudo ls /usr/lib/jdk/
jdk1.8.0_77
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ubuntu@adserver:~$ sudo vi /etc/profile 
Add JDK environment
#JDK
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jdk/jdk1.8.0_77 
export JRE_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}/jre  
export CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/lib:${JRE_HOME}/lib  
export PATH=${JAVA_HOME}/bin:$PATH
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2. Configure Hadoop environment

Download HadoopHadoop-2.7.2
Download Link：
https://archive.apache.org/dist/hadoop/core/hadoop-2.7.2/hadoop-2.7.2.tar.gz

Unzip： 

ubuntu@adserver:~$ tar -zxf hadoop-2.7.2.tar.gz 
ubuntu@adserver:~$ ls -lh
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Move Hadoop to /usr/local/ directory在这里插入图片描述

Add Hadoop environment variable 

$ sudo vi /etc/profile

#HADOOP
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop-2.7.2
export PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$PATH
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop
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$ vi ~/.bashrc
#HADOOP
export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop-2.7.2
export PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$PATH
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop
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$ source /etc/profile
$ source ~/.bashrc
$ hadoop version
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4.Hadoop configuration file modification

Modify Hadoop configuration file

Modify the /hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop directory hadoop-env.sh、yarn-env.sh、slaves、core-site.xml、hdfs-site.xml、mapred-site.xml、yarn-site.xml

1. Create the tmp folder and its subdirectories under the Hadoop directory 

ubuntu@adserver:~$ sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/hadoop-2.7.2/tmp/dfs/data
ubuntu@adserver:~$ sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/hadoop-2.7.2/tmp/dfs/name
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Modify profile:

First enter the corresponding folder 

ubuntu@adserver:~$ cd /usr/local/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/
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2. Add Java_ Home to Hadoop environment profile

① Add Java home to Hadoop env sh 
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jdk/jdk1.8.0_77
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② Add Java home to yarn env SH, just add it directly in the first line 
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jdk/jdk1.8.0_77
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③ Add slave hostname to slave 
ubuntu@adserver:/usr/local/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop$ vi slaves 
monserver
osdserver-1
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3. Modify the corresponding configuration file

④Modification core-site.xml 
ubuntu@adserver:/usr/local/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop$ vi core-site.xml
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Add the following contents to <configuration></configuration>

<property>
                <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
                <value>hdfs://adserver:8020</value>
       </property>
       <property>
               <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
               <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop-2.7.2/tmp</value>
               <description>Abase for other temporary   directories.</description>
       </property>
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⑤Modify hdfs-site.xml file, 
ubuntu@adserver:/usr/local/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop$ vi hdfs-site.xml
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Add the following contents to <configuration></configuration>

       <property>
                <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>
               <value>adserver:50090</value>
       </property>
     <property>
             <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
             <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop-2.7.2/tmp/dfs/name</value>
       </property>
      <property>
              <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
              <value>file:/usr/local/hadoop-2.7.2/tmp/dfs/data</value>
       </property>
       <property>
               <name>dfs.replication</name>
               <value>3</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                 <name>dfs.webhdfs.enabled</name>
                  <value>true</value>
         </property>
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⑥Modify mapred-site,xml, you need to copy the file as mapred-site.xml, and then 
ubuntu@adserver:/usr/local/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop$ cp mapred-site.xml.template mapred-site.xml
ubuntu@adserver:/usr/local/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop$ vi mapred-site.xml
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Add the following contents to <configuration></configuration>

        <property>
                <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
                <value>yarn</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>
                <value>adserver:10020</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>
                <value>adserver:19888</value>
        </property>
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⑦、Modify yarn-site.xml 
ubuntu@adserver:/usr/local/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop$ vi yarn-site.xml
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Add the following contents to <configuration></configuration>

  <property>
    <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
    <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>
    <value>adserver:8030</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>
    <value>adserver:8032</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>
    <value>adserver:8031</value>
  </property>
  <property>
    <name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address</name>
    <value>adserver:8033</value>
  </property>
  <property>
     <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>
     <value>adserver:8088</value>
  </property>
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4.Use the SCP command to add /etc/hosts, /etc/profile, ~/.bashrc, JDK and Hadoop are distributed to two slave nodes respectively. Here is only a demonstration of copying to monserver 

ubuntu@adserver:~$ scp /etc/hosts ubuntu@monserver:~/
ubuntu@adserver:~$ scp -r /etc/profile ubuntu@monserver:~/           
ubuntu@adserver:~$ scp -r .bashrc  ubuntu@monserver:~/                 
ubuntu@adserver:~$ scp -r /usr/local/hadoop-2.7.2/  ubuntu@monserver:~/
ubuntu@adserver:~$ scp -r /usr/lib/jdk/  ubuntu@monserver:~/
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ubuntu@monserver:~$ sudo mv hosts /etc/hosts
ubuntu@monserver:~$ sudo mv hadoop-2.7.2/ /usr/local/
ubuntu@monserver:~$ sudo mv jdk/ /usr/lib/           
ubuntu@monserver:~$ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/java java /usr/lib/jdk/jdk1.8.0_77/bin/java 300 
ubuntu@monserver:~$ sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/javac javac /usr/lib/jdk/jdk1.8.0_77/bin/javac 300
ubuntu@monserver:~$ source /etc/profile
ubuntu@monserver:~$ source .bashrc     
ubuntu@monserver:~$ java -version
ubuntu@monserver:~$ hadoop version
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Set the folder permissions of all nodes hadoop-2.7.2 to 0777：

Set the folder permissions of all nodes hadoop-2.7.2 to 0777：

Set the folder permissions of all nodes hadoop-2.7.2 to 0777： 

ubuntu@adserver:~$  sudo chmod -R 0777 /usr/local/hadoop-2.7.2
ubuntu@monserver:~$  sudo chmod -R 0777 /usr/local/hadoop-2.7.2
ubuntu@osdserver-1:~$  sudo chmod -R 0777 /usr/local/hadoop-2.7.2
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5.Start Hadoop cluster (all in AdServer operation)

① initialization namenode

ubuntu@adserver:~$ hadoop namenode -format
Note: initialization is required for the first run, but not after.
If it runs successfully, it should return exiting with status 0 and prompt shutting down namenode at AdServer/xxx.xxx.xxx.XX (IP address of AdServer). The specific results are shown in the figure below：
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②Start Hadoop daemons (namenode, datanode, ResourceManager, nodemanager, etc.)）

A、Start namenode, secondarynamenode and datanode first

Execute on the AdServer node 
ubuntu@adserver:~$start-dfs.sh
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At this time, the processes running on the master node are：NameNode、SecondaryNameNode
At this time, the processes running on the slave node are：DataNode

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B、Start ResourceManager、NodeManager 

$ start-yarn.sh
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Yarn is separated from MapReduce and is responsible for resource management and task scheduling. Yarn runs on MapReduce and provides high availability and scalability
At this time, the processes running on the master node are：NameNode、SecondaryNameNode、ResourceManager
The processes running on the slave node are：DataNode、NodeManager

C、Start JobHistoryServer 

$ mr-jobhistory-daemon.sh start historyserver
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Note: a jobhistoryserver process will be added to the master node

After TMP and logP directories on each node are created several times, be sure to delete them again

View the operation status of three nodes

ubuntu@adserver:~$ jps
ubuntu@adserver:~$ ssh monserver "/usr/lib/jdk/jdk1.8.0_77/bin/jps"
ubuntu@adserver:~$ ssh osdserver-1 "/usr/lib/jdk/jdk1.8.0_77/bin/jps"
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