Docker Simplified

Table of Content-

• What is Docker
• Virtualization Vs Containerization

• Docker Architecture

  • Docker Daemon
  • Docker Registry
  • Docker Client
  • DockerFile
  • Docker Image
  • Docker Container

• Basic Commands

• Container port Vs Host Port

• Resources

What is Docker ?

Docker is a tool designed to make it easier to create, deploy, and run applications by using containers. Containers allow a developer to package up an application with all of the parts it needs, such as libraries and other dependencies, and ship it all out as one package.

Virtualization Vs Containerization

Before containerization came into the picture, the leading way to isolate, organize applications and their dependencies was to place each and every application in its own virtual machine. These machines run multiple applications on the same physical hardware, and this process is nothing but Virtualization. But virtualization had few drawbacks such as the virtual machines were bulky in size, running multiple virtual machines lead to unstable performance, boot up process would usually take a long time and VM’s would not solve the problems like portability, software updates, or continuous integration and continuous delivery. Containerization is a type of Virtualization which brings virtualization to the operating system level. While Virtualization brings abstraction to the hardware, Containerization brings abstraction to the operating system.

Docker Architecture

Docker Daemon

The server that runs on the host machine. It is responsible for building and managing Docker images.

Docker Registry

This is where your Docker images are stored , there are two types of registry public and private .

Docker Client

The Docker Client is a command-line interface (CLI) for sending instructions to the Docker Daemon . The Docker client can communicate with more than one daemon.

DockerFile

The Dockerfile is essentially the build instructions to build the image.
Let's create a Dockerfile For a node.js app .

• Create a file with name Dockerfile .

FROM node:15 // node is base image of node with version 15
WORKDIR /app // optional set our workdir in container
COPY package.json . 
RUN npm install // Build time 
COPY . ./     // Copy the file to /app
EXPOSE 3000 // This line is just for documentation purpose 
CMD [ "node", "server.js"] // Runtime 

Docker Image

Docker Image can be compared to a template which is used to create Docker Containers. So, these read-only templates are the building blocks of a Container. You can use docker run to run the image and create a container. Docker Images are stored in the Docker Registry. It can be either a user’s local repository or a public repository like a Docker Hub which allows multiple users to collaborate in building an application.

Docker Container

It is a running instance of a Docker Image as they hold the entire package needed to run the application.

Basic Commands

1) Downloads the image from docker hub

docker pull <image_name> 

2) Show all the images present

docker image ls

3) To start a image in container , Container is running environment of image . Run basically do pulls and run at the same time

docker run <image_name>

4) List all running containers

docker ps

5)Start a container in detach mode

docker run -d <image_name>

6) Stop & Start the container

docker stop/start <container_id> 

7) To check the logs

docker logs <container_id/name>

8)To get inside the container

docker exec -it <container_id/names> /bin/bash

Container Port Vs Host Port .

Suppose if I have a redis latest image and specific version of redis running at the same time they run on same port as specified 6379 . To run image I can blind container port to host port . We can run multiple containers on host machine . When we give the same host port then there would be Conflict .

docker run -p6000:6379 redis

Above command will bind the host port 6000 to the container port 6379.

docker run -p6001:6379 redis:4.0

Above command will bind the host port 6001 to the container port 6379.

Resources

Wanna learn more about docker
1) Docker deep dive by Nigel
2) Docker (Techworldwithnana)
3) Docker ((freecodecamp)
4) Dockerfile best practices
5) Docker security essentials

Connect with me -
Twitter